HONG KONG — Aeng Khang understood at an early age that playing any sport, much less one as raucous as rugby, would be nearly impossible for girls from her remote village in Laos. As teenagers, many would be expected to marry and leave school to work on the family farm.

“If you went to play sports, they’d say, ‘That’s a girl who wants to be a boy’ or ‘That’s a bad person,’” said Khang, 22, who left school at age 13 to help her parents on their farm so they could finance her older brother’s college education.

Khang took up rugby anyway, as a high school freshman, after the Lao Rugby Federation introduced the game to her home province in the country’s remote northeast. Now she works for the federation and represents her communist-ruled country by playing in tournaments and exhibition matches around Asia.

“I’m not the sort of person to just sit around waiting for my husband to come home,” Khang, who married two years ago, said during a recent trip to Hong Kong for a round of matches. “And since I play on the national team, I get to travel.”

The federation, which was started in 2001, has grown to more than 4,000 players from about 300 over the last five years, and the majority are women. At the end of last year, close to 52 per cent of the federation’s players and 54 per cent of the coaches were women, said Ms Megan Knight, a former player on the U.S. women’s junior national team who works for the Lao federation.

The Lao national women’s rugby team, in maroon, compete in Hong Kong, April 4, 2019. Photo: New York Times

And the women’s national team, established in 2007, punches far above its weight. It has beaten Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and other countries. Some of its stars have become minor celebrities in their hometowns.

“Laos is the only country I’m aware of where rugby is associated with being a female-focused sport,” said Ms Ada Milby, the only woman on the 12-member executive committee of Asia Rugby, the sport’s governing body in the region, and a former captain of the Philippines national team.

The government controls the Lao Rugby Federation, but it is financed by the ChildFund Australia, a charity dedicated to reducing poverty among young people around the world, and also by private and corporate donors, mostly in Hong Kong.

Mr Chris Mastaglio, Asia Pacific director for ChildFund Pass It Back, the arm of the organisation that pairs rugby development and “life skills” education, attributed the proportion of female recruits in Laos in part to the fact that virtually none of the country’s youth had played the sport before, so boys lacked the preexisting “physical literacy” they tended to have in other sports.

Mr Pisa Vongdeuanpheng, coach of the Lao men’s and women’s national teams, said that he began playing rugby as an 11-year-old on a club formed by expatriates. He found them by chance: His mother worked as a maid in the home of one of the team’s English players.

“He saw me play football all day, and then one day, he just threw the boots on me and said, ‘Let’s go play rugby,’ ” Mr Vongdeuanpheng said. “So I went.”

But even as youth rugby grows in Laos, a nation of about 7 million people, players and coaches face steep obstacles.

Many of the federation’s players come from ethnic-minority communities that typically encounter systemic discrimination, such as the area where Khang lives, which is predominantly Hmong. In keeping with the ChildFund mission, the programme recruited heavily in such communities, in Laos and in neighbouring Vietnam, because they have high rates of poverty.

Members of the Lao national women’s rugby team before a match in Hong Kong, April 4, 2019. A majority of the Lao Rugby Federation’s 4,000-plus players are women, and the sport in Laos is funded substantially by ChildFund, an Australian charity that pairs rugby development with life-skills education in the landlocked country's rugged hinterlands. Photo: New York Times

Just over half of the federation’s players, including Khang, come from Xieng Khouang, a mountainous province that was among the most heavily bombed in Laos by the US military during the Vietnam War. Much of the ground there is still contaminated by unexploded ordnance.

As a result, fields typically must be certified as safe by bomb-disposal technicians before athletes can play on them. And because even ordnance-free land tends to be too rocky for tackling, most matches are touch only.

Tackling is permitted on only three fields in all of Laos, and the only one in Xieng Khouang is a 4-hour ride from where most of the province’s rugby players live, said Ms Knight, the Lao Rugby Federation employee.

Female players also face entrenched resistance from their communities, Ms Knight said. Many quit after marriage, she said, and live in places where substance abuse and violence are common.

“We have problems coming up every day, all day,” Khang said.

In 2014, a United Nations-supported survey of violence against women in Laos found that nearly a third had been abused physically, sexually or emotionally by their partners, usually husbands. The country’s Justice Ministry called the problem a “scourge.”

In a country with threadbare social services, Lao coaches say that the rugby federation is valuable because it helps players find counselling and other resources, as well as develop traits they did not realize they had.

“Parents are now saying, ‘OK, women can be leaders,’ ” said Lao Khang, 27, a national team player who helped recruit new rugby players and coaches in Xieng Khouang Province.

Female coaches have done considerable community service, including leading flood-relief efforts and encouraging players to make plans to continue their education after high school.

At the same time, women with no previous athletic experience have blossomed into crafty scorers, crisp passers and ruthless tacklers. Opposing teams routinely underestimate them.

Just before a recent Lao exhibition match against a New Zealand club team in Hong Kong, for example, some of their opponents were sleeping on the sideline.

“See that?” Mr Vongdeuanpheng told his players, who normally compete in the sevens format. “They’re not warming up. They think they’re going to beat us.”

Laos won, 7-5.

In a tens format match the next day, Laos faced a Hong Kong club team that had won its matchup in each of the previous three years. Before kickoff, a Scottish announcer at the site said over a loudspeaker that he hoped Laos would manage at least one try, which is roughly equivalent to a touchdown in American football.

Once the Lao team had a 15-0 lead, he and the announcers revised that outlook.

“When we started the commentating and said we hoped this is going to be a competitive game, I didn’t think it would be this way ’round,” the Scottish announcer said.

“I don’t think many people did,” his Australian colleague added sheepishly.

Hong Kong eventually clawed back to within a few points. But for most of the second half, the Lao women stood their ground. One announcer described their defensive tackling as “absolutely ferocious.”

“Lao, Lao, Lao!” a Lao men’s team shouted from the stands. “Fight, fight, fight!”

Hong Kong scored a try on the final play. But when a kicker attempted a conversion, the ball clanged off the goal post and tumbled to the ground.

The Lao women had won again. THE NEW YORK TIMES